हीटवेव से निपटने के लिये क्या किया जाय?

Beating the heat

India must include financial incentives for adoption of effective cooling plans

गर्मी को मात 

भारत को प्रभावी शीतलन योजनाओं को अपनाने के लिए वित्तीय प्रोत्साहनों को शामिल करना चाहिए

09/07/2022 

The steady rise in the planet’s temperature as a consequence of

 humanity’s unfettered use of fossil fuel forms the backdrop to altered weather patterns everywhere.

मानव जाति द्वारा जीवाश्म ईंधन के निरंकुश उपयोग के परिणामस्वरूप , ग्रह के तापमान में लगातार वृद्धि हर जगह बदलते मौसम के पैटर्न की पृष्ठभूमि बनाती है

 India

too has been registering instances of

 1  anomalous weather with 

2 alarming frequency with an erratic monsoon and 

3 coastal erosion. 

भारत भी अनिश्चित मानसून और तटीय कटाव के साथ खतरनाक आवृत्ति के साथ विषम मौसम की घटनाएं दर्ज कर रहा है।

4 However, some recent changes are seemingly paradoxical.  हालाँकि, हाल के कुछ परिवर्तन विरोधाभासी प्रतीत होते हैं।

An analysis of public weather data over the last half a century by the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), 

1 suggests that the all-India average temperature during the monsoon months (June-September) is higher than the summer months (March-May).

2  Monsoon temperatures are 0.3°C higher than average summer temperatures when compared from 1951-80.

3  In 2012-2021, this anomaly rose to 0.4°C.

 The India Meteorological Department

💐 has said that India’s average temperature has risen 0.62°C from 1901-2020 .

but the CSE analysis says — supporting similar studies on these lines — 

💐that this has not meant a uniform rise in temperatures across seasons. 

💐It is the winter (January and February) and post-monsoon (October-December) average

 all-India temperatures that have risen faster than even the monsoon and summer temperatures. 

💐Average daily maximum temperature for north-western States 

in March was 30.7°C, whereas the all-India average was 33.1°C or 2.4°C hotter. 

The average daily minimum temperature showed an even larger (4.9°C) difference. 

Central India’s normal maximum 

💐was 2°-7°C higher,

 while south peninsular India’s normal minimum 

💐was 4°-10°C higher than temperatures in northwest India.

मृत्यु 

1 The shattering of temperature records is only one part of the changes; there is also evidence of the toll on lives.

 2 From 2015-2020, 2,137 people had reportedly died due to heat stroke in northwest India 

3 but southern India had reported 2,444 deaths due to excess environmental heat, 

4 with Andhra Pradesh accounting for over half the reported casualties.

 The urban heat island effect — 

1 whereby cities because of concrete surfaces and dense populations tend to on average be hotter than rural habitations — 

also contributed to heat stress.

 2 Indian authorities are cognisant अवगत / जानकारी रख रहे of these trends with some States, led by Gujarat, having Heat Action Plans (HAP). 

3 The National Disaster Management Authority is working with 23 out of 28 heat-prone States to develop HAPs that stress changes in the built environment: 

💐using material that keeps the indoors cooler,

💐 having an early warning system about heatwaves and

💐 improving health infrastructure to treat heat stroke patients.

क्या चीज गांवों के लिये खतरा है ?

 However, much remains in terms of reaching out to rural India as well as governments taking steps to plan

💐 infrastructure and

💐 housing in ways that recognise the dangers from a warming environment. 

It is time that India includes 

1 financial incentives, 

2 preferably via Budget outlays, 

3 for effective cooling plans.

4  Adapting to and mitigating this most visceral challenge is the need of the hour.

 Source the hindu