‘drainage’, ‘drainage system’ अपवाह और अपवाह तंत्र क्या है
The flow of water through well-defined channels / वाहिका is known as ‘drainage’ and the network of such channels is called a ‘drainage system’.
The drainage pattern of an area
is the outcome of the geological time period, nature and structure of rocks, topography, slope, amount of water flowing and the periodicity of the flow.
‘catchment area’
A river drains the water collected from a specific area, which is called its ‘catchment area’.
Important Drainage Patterns
(i) “ dendritic” -वृक्ष की शाखाओं के जैसी The drainage pattern resembling the branches of a tree is known as “dendritic” the examples of which are the rivers of northern plain.
(ii) ‘radial - पर्वत से निकल कर सभी दिशा में फैलना When the rivers originate from a hill and flow in all directions, the drainage pattern is known as ‘radial’. The rivers originating from the Amarkantak range present a good example of it.
(iii) trellis - When the primary tributaries of rivers flow parallel to each other and secondary tributaries join them at right angles, the pattern is known as ‘trellis’.
(iv) centripetal - When the rivers discharge their waters from all directions in a lake or depression, the pattern is know as ‘centripetal’.
drainage basin
An area drained by a river and its tributaries is called a drainage basin.
watershed
The boundary line separating one drainage basin from the other is known as the watershed. The catchments of large rivers are called river basins while those of small rivulets and rills are often referred to as watersheds.
There is, however, a slight difference between a river basin and a watershed.
Watersheds are small in area while the basins cover larger areas. River basins and watersheds are marked by unity.
What happens in one part of the basin or watershed directly affects the other parts and the unit as a whole. That is why, they are accepted as the most appropriate micro, meso or macro planning regions
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