दुनिया का गठबंधन

The coalition of the world

दुनिया का गठबंधन

10/10/2022

 

The League of Nations

 set up in 1920, was the first intergovernmental organisation with the aim to promote international cooperation and outlived / किसी से ज्यादा जीना  its utility with World War II.

 The United Nations 

1 claims to be the one place where all the world’s nations can discuss common problems

2  and find shared solutions that benefit all of humanity. 

3 Now, 75 years later, rising conflict situations suggest it is time to go back to first principles of the Charter.

The United Nations Secretary General (UNSG), António Guterres

1 said the “world is in big trouble”, “gridlocked in colossal global dysfunction”, 

2 even the “G20 is in the trap of geopolitical divides”.

3  “In a splintering world, we need to create mechanisms of dialogue to heal divides”

4n and “only by acting as one, we can nurture fragile shoots of hope” for a “coalition of the world”. This is a call for fresh thinking.

India’s Presidency 

1 of the Group of 20, UN Security Council (UNSC) in 2022, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) in 2023 when major powers are not even talking to each other

2  and India alone, now the fifth largest economy, is interacting with each of them, presents a historic opportunity.

UN at a turning point

गतिरोध द्विपक्षीय संबंधों से नहीं बल्कि जिस तरह से अंतरराष्ट्रीय सहयोग को फिर से परिभाषित किया जा रहा है, उससे प्रवाहित होता है।

First, multilateralism 

is under challenge even by its proponent /  supporter, with the United States opting for partnerships, with the most important areas being the worst affected.

 बहुपक्षवाद को इसके प्रस्तावक द्वारा भी चुनौती दी जा रही है, संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका ने भागीदारी के लिए विकल्प चुना है, जिसमें सबसे महत्वपूर्ण क्षेत्र सबसे अधिक प्रभावित हैं

The G7 Summit

1  held in June, endorsed the goals of a cooperative international Climate Club to accelerate climate action outside the UN.

जून में आयोजित G7 शिखर सम्मेलन ने संयुक्त राष्ट्र के बाहर जलवायु कार्रवाई में तेजी लाने के लिए एक सहकारी अंतर्राष्ट्रीय जलवायु क्लब के लक्ष्यों का समर्थन किया।

2 Despite the G7 having accepted the need for transfer of funds at Rio in 1992, 

3 because of their role in creating the climate crisis, the promise made in 2009 to provide at least $100 billion per year in climate finance remains unfulfilled.

 The dispute settlement mechanism of the WTO

without the quorum of its members has rendered the institution dysfunctional. 

Second 

China 

1 has opted for rival set of multilateral institutions. 

2 China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) seeks to achieve policy, infrastructure, trade, financial, and people-to-people connectivity by building a new platform for international cooperation 

3 to create “new drivers of shared development”, 

and covers half the world population with one-third the GDP and investment of $930 billion. 

4 China’s Global Development Initiative, 2021, and linked Global Security Initiative, 2022

 is developing a conceptual frame responding to an urbanising world, 

i.e. digital governance and non-traditional security, which the international system has not covered.

Third

1 टकराव और नए संगठन — more significant than the clash of institutions reflecting the deepening divide between the Atlantic powers and the Russia-China combine is the diffusion of wealth, technology and power.

अटलांटिक शक्तियों और रूस-चीन गठबंधन के बीच गहराते विभाजन को दर्शाने वाली संस्थाओं के टकराव से अधिक महत्वपूर्ण धन, प्रौद्योगिकी और शक्ति का प्रसार है।

2  The ‘rest’ —  despite threats, are now capable of not taking sides and are looking for leadership within the United Nations, for what the UNSG characterised as “coalition of the world”.

3 India will chair the Security Council in December, and will have the Presidency of the G20 and the SCO.

‘Vasudhaiva kutumbakam’

1 Strategists in major powers see the world in binary terms around rules.

2  In a multipolar world, the question is the kind of rules needed for human wellbeing and whether principles would serve the purpose better.

प्रमुख शक्तियों में रणनीतिकार दुनिया को नियमों के चारों ओर द्विआधारी रूप में देखते हैं। एक बहुध्रुवीय दुनिया में, सवाल यह है कि मानव कल्याण के लिए किस तरह के नियमों की आवश्यकता है और क्या सिद्धांत उद्देश्य को बेहतर ढंग से पूरा करेंगे।

core of a set of universal socio-economic principles

 just as the ‘Rio principles’ continue to guide climate change,

 vasudhaiva kutumbakam, or ‘world as one family’, 

focusing on comparable levels of wellbeing can be the core of a set of universal socio-economic principles for a dialogue between the states.

universal civilisational principle

1 to the current global consensus around equitable sustainable development, Prime Minister Narendra Modi has added a clearer societal purpose to flesh out / और ज्यादा डिटेल देना  a universal civilisational principle. 

2 He emphasised ‘Lifestyle for Environment’ seeing climate change as a societal process and combating it devoid of trade-offs characteristic of the Climate Treaty. 

3 He has also offered India’s payments and linked digital ID technology without IPR restrictions. 

redefining ‘common concerns’ 

in terms of felt needs of the majority rather than interests and concerns of the powerful will shift the focus of a much slimmed down United Nations squarely to human wellbeing, and not as an add-on.

ताकतवर लोगों के हितों और चिंताओं के बजाय बहुमत की महसूस की गई जरूरतों के संदर्भ में 'सामान्य चिंताओं' को फिर से परिभाषित करने से संयुक्त राष्ट्र का ध्यान पूरी तरह से मानव कल्याण पर केंद्रित हो जाएगा, न कि एक ऐड-ऑन के रूप में।

India’s Presidential statement could introduce ‘vasudhaiva kutumbakam’ in the UNSC in December. The SCO Summit will precede the G20 Summit and acceptance of overarching principles will support acceptance by the wider G20.

Source The Hindu