Saudi Arab Israel relation

Saudi Arabia has recognised that peace and stability in the region are not possible without Palestinian interests being addressed

As Hamas launched its lethal attacks on Israel on October 7

1  the assault has firmly overturned Israeli efforts, supported by the United States,

2  to promote a normalisation of relations with Arab states without conceding anything to the Palestinians.

3  Specifically, the Gaza war has dealt a mortal blow to the efforts for Saudi Arabia to normalise ties with Israel.

4 On September 22, Israel’s Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu was at   his speech at the United Nations General Assembly:

5  one depicted चित्रित an isolated Israel in 1948, while the other showed Arab neighbours that now had peace agreements with Israel — Egypt, Sudan, the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, and Jordan.

 It also showed all the occupied Palestinian territories — the West Bank, Gaza and East Jerusalem — as integral parts of Israel. 

Mr. Netanyahu specifically applauded the normalisation process with Saudi Arabia under U.S. auspices तत्त्वावधान , and insisted that the Palestinians should have no veto over the process.

U.S.-backed diplomacy

1  Washington, Tel Aviv and Riyadh as U.S. officials pushed for diplomatic relations between Israel and Saudi Arabia, possibly within this year.

2  American and Israeli officials publicly affirmed that the broad contours of the agreement have been finalised. 

3 Meanwhile, two Israeli Ministers visited Saudi Arabia for international conferences, signifying increasing bonhomie खुशमिज़ाजी  between the two countries.

The normalisation deal 

had hinged on three conditions that the kingdom had placed before the U.S.: 

1 U.S. approval for a civilian nuclear programme that provides for uranium enrichment within the country; 

an “iron-clad” U.S. security guarantee for the country, and sales of advanced weapons. 

2 The Americans were said to be insisting that Saudi Arabia back U.S. interests on oil prices, dilute its political, military and technological ties with China and deepen strategic engagement with the U.S.

3 Saudi Arabia’s three conditions for normalisation were contentious विवादास्पद in Israel and the U.S. Several U.S. politicians opposed the idea of giving security guarantees to an authoritarian state.

क्या कुछ बाधाएं  हैं विवाद भी है  ?

They also warned the U.S. President against Saudi Arabia developing its own nuclear programme, believing that it poses an unacceptable proliferation risk — a concern shared in Israel as well. 

There were also obstacles to the U.S. sales of advanced weapons, largely due to Saudi Arabia’s poor human rights record at home and in Yemen. 

Finally, there were concerns about Saudi insistence that arms supplies be accompanied by a transfer of technology to develop its arms industry. 

Despite these obstacles, the U.S. was confident the deal would go through.

Palestinian interests and concerns did not figure in these normalisation discussions

1  Given the extremist political coalition that Mr. Netanyahu heads, there was no interest in Israel to give even lip service to Palestinian aspirations for a sovereign and viable state or accept East Jerusalem as the capital of that state.

2  In fact, Mr. Netanyahu was not even willing to promise freezing settlements in the West Bank, deferring annexation, or dismantling illegal outposts.

वास्तव में, श्री नेतन्याहू वेस्ट बैंक में बस्तियों पर रोक लगाने, विलय को स्थगित करने, या अवैध चौकियों को नष्ट करने का वादा करने को भी तैयार नहीं थे।

3 At that time, hundreds of Israel’s religious zealots,कट्टरपंथी backed by Mr. Netanyahu’s Ministers, 

made provocative incursions into the Al-Aqsa complex, while the settlers in the West Bank increased violence against their Palestinian neighbours, usually with the support of the security forces.

Saudi-Iran ties

The Gaza war has once again placed the Palestinian issue at the centre of West Asian politics

1 Some writers are blaming Iran, arguing that the Islamic Republic has instigated the Hamas attacks to block Saudi Arabia’s normalisation initiative with Israel. 

2 but This argument has little credibility. Saudi-Iran ties have already been normalised under Chinese mediation: 

🌺embassies have been re-opened in both capitals,

 🌺high-level visits have been exchanged and

 🌺economic cooperation is being expanded.

3 what   kingdom thinks ?

    Now, following the Hamas attacks, the kingdom has recognised that peace and stability in the region are not possible without Palestinian interests being addressed.

4  In an official statement, the Saudi Foreign Office has recalled the kingdom’s “repeated warnings of the dangers of the explosion of the situation 

🌺as a result of the occupation, the deprivation of the Palestinian people of their legitimate rights and the repetition of systematic provocations of its sanctities”. 

🌺This statement is referring to the abuses countenanced by the Netanyahu government — desecration of the Al-Aqsa Mosque complex and settlement expansion and settler आबादकार violence in the West Bank. 

5 Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman has now asserted that the kingdom will “stand by the Palestinian people to 

🌺achieve their legitimate rights to a decent life, 

🌺achieve their hopes and aspirations, 

🌺and achieve just and lasting peace”.

Palestinian interests in focus

1 सउदी ने फ़िलिस्तीनियों को कपटपूर्ण मौखिक आश्वासनों का सहारा लेना छोड़ दिया है जो सामान्यीकरण वार्ता के दौरान विचाराधीन थे।

2  अब खोज फिलिस्तीनी हितों की सेवा के लिए ठोस कार्रवाई की है, जैसा कि सऊदी पत्रकार फैसल अब्बास ने लिखा है: "...अंतर्राष्ट्रीय समुदाय को एक विश्वसनीय शांति योजना को सक्रिय करने के लिए अब कार्य करना चाहिए जो दो-राज्य समाधान को सक्षम बनाता है"।

3  फॉरेन रिलेशन में अमेरिका का सहारा लिया जा रहा है ? 

 आगे देखते हुए, पिछले तीन वर्षों में यह स्पष्ट हो गया है कि राज्य ने अमेरिकी जुए से छुटकारा पा लिया है और बिना किसी अमेरिकी भागीदारी के, अपने हितों के संदर्भ में अपनी विदेश नीति की प्रतिबद्धताओं को आगे बढ़ा रहा है।

 राज्य विश्व स्तर पर चीन विरोधी गठबंधन और क्षेत्रीय स्तर पर ईरान विरोधी गुट बनाने में अमेरिकी रुचि को खारिज करता है।

 फिर, अमेरिका की इच्छा के बावजूद, सऊदी अरब द्वारा अमेरिकियों को तेल की कीमतों पर छूट देने या चीन के साथ अपने व्यापक रणनीतिक संबंधों को कमजोर करने का कोई सवाल ही नहीं है।

Source the hindu