Teesta River dispute

 

Teesta River dispute





Teesta river

is a tributary of the Brahmaputra (known as Jamuna in Bangladesh), flowing through India and Bangladesh.


It originates in the Himalayas near Chunthang, Sikkim and flows to the south through West Bengal before entering Bangladesh.


Originally, the river continued southward to empty directly into the Padma River (main channel of Ganga in Bangladesh) but around 1787 the river changed its course to flow eastward to join the Jamuna river.

The Teesta Barrage dam helps to provide irrigation for the plains between the upper Padma and the Jamuna.

Teesta river water conflict is one of the most contentious issues between India and Bangladesh.


What is the dispute about?


  •  The period between harvests 

  • The point of dispute between India and Bangladesh is mainly the lean season / The period between harvests that lasts from May to August flow in the Teesta draining into Bangladesh.

  • The river covers nearly the entire floodplains of Sikkim while draining 2,800 sq km of Bangladesh, governing the lives of hundreds of thousands of people.

  • For West Bengal, Teesta is equally important, considered the lifeline of half-a-dozen districts in North Bengal.

  • Bangladesh has sought an “equitable” distribution of Teesta waters from India, on the lines of the Ganga Water Treaty of 1996, but to no avail.

  • history of dispute 

  • 1972: Joint River Commission (JRC) was established by India and Bangladesh in the Indo-Bangla Treaty of Friendship.

  • 1983: Agreement on Ad-Hoc sharing of Teesta water. According to agreement Ad-Hoc sharing is valid until 1985 end.
    • India
    39%
    Bangladesh
    36%
    Unallocated
    25%
    • 1984: According to 1984 JRC, Bangladesh’s share increased based on the hydrological data.
    India
    42.5%
    Bangladesh
    37.5%
    Unallocated
    20%
    • 1998: Bangladesh started “Teesta Barrage” irrigation project (3 cropping seasons per year).
    • 2011: an Interim deal that was supposed to last for 15 years – gave India 42.5% and Bangladesh 37.5% of Teesta water.

    Note: However, West Bengal and Sikkim opposed an interim deal, since then the deal was shelved and remains unsigned due to the objections of West Bengal.

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