WHY IN NEWS ?
The Union Cabinet chaired by the Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi today approved a Rs.1,500 crore Incentive Scheme to develop recycling capacity
in the country for the separation and production of critical minerals from secondary sources.**
Prime Minister Narendra Modi ji ke chair ki gayi Union Cabinet ne aaj ek ₹1,500 crore ke Incentive Scheme ko approve kiya hai.
Is scheme ka maksad hai desh mein
- recycling capacity (पुनर्चक्रण क्षमता) ko develop karna.
- "secondary sources" (जैसे कि e-waste, battery scrap) se critical minerals (जरूरी खनिज) ko alag (separate) karne aur produce karne ke liye hai.
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Yeh scheme National Critical Mineral Mission (NCMM)
ka ek hissa hai. NCMM ka lakshya hai critical minerals mein desi capacity (domestic capacity) aur supply chain resilience (आपूर्ति श्रृंखला की मजबूती) banana.
Critical minerals ko dhoondhna (exploration), unki auction karna, mines ko operational karna, aur foreign assets ko kharidna - in sab processes mein bahut time lagta hai (gestation period) tab jaake industry ko minerals mil paate hain.
Isliye, short term mein supply chain ko sustain karne ka ek acha aur samajhdari bhara tareeka (prudent way) hai ki hum "secondary sources" jaise purane saman ko recycle karein.
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Is scheme ki time period (tenure)
6 saal hogi, jo Financial Year 2025-26 se FY 2030-31 tak rahegi.
Ismein recycle karne ke liye jo saman (feedstock) use hoga wo hoga:
- e-waste,
- Lithium Ion Battery (LIB) ka kachra,
- aur e-waste/LIB ke alawa anya scrap,
- jaise purani gaadiyon ke catalytic converters.
Is scheme ke fayde uthane wale (beneficiaries) bade aur established recyclers ke saath-saath chhote aur naye recyclers (start-ups bhi include hain) honge. Chhotey recyclers ke liye scheme ki total rakam (outlay) ka ek-third (1/3) hissa specifically reserve kiya gaya hai.
Yeh scheme naye plants lagane ke investment par bhi lagu hogi aur purane plants ki capacity badhane (expansion), unko modernize karne ya unka diversification karne par bhi. Scheme incentive usi recycling value chain ko degi jo actual mein critical minerals ko extract karti hai, sirf "black mass" (ek intermediate product) produce karne wali value chain ko nahi.
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**Paragraph 4:**
**The incentives under the Scheme will comprise 20% Capex subsidy on plant & machinery, equipment and associated utilities for starting production within specified timeframe, beyond which reduced subsidy applicable; and Opex subsidy, which will be an incentive on incremental sales over the base year (FY 2025-26) viz. 40% of eligible Opex subsidy in the 2nd year and balance 60% in the 5th year from FY 2026-27 to FY 2030-31 on achievement of specified threshold incremental sales. In order to ensure greater number of beneficiaries, total incentive (Capex plus Opex subsidy) per entity will be subject to an overall ceiling of Rs.50 crore for large entities and Rs.25 crore for small entities, within which there will be a ceiling for Opex subsidy of Rs.10 crore and Rs.5 crore respectively.**
**Explanation:** Is scheme ke tahat do tarah ke incentives honge:
1. **Capex Subsidy:** Yeh Capital expenditure par milegi. Plant, machinery, equipment aur usse judi utilities (जैसे बिजली, पानी की सुविधा) par lagne wale kharch par **20% subsidy** milegi. Yeh subsidy tabhi milegi agar production ek specified time limit ke andar shuru ho jaati hai. Agar der hoti hai toh kam subsidy milegi.
2. **Opex Subsidy:** Yeh Operational expenditure par milegi. Yeh incentive base year (FY 2025-26) ke comparison par badhi hui sales (incremental sales) par diya jayega. Agar koi company specified threshold incremental sales haasil karti hai, toh FY 2026-27 se FY 2030-31 ke beech, eligible Opex subsidy ka **40% incentive 2nd year** mein aur bacha hua **60% incentive 5th year** mein milega.
Zyaada se zyaada companies ko fayda pahunchane ke liye, har company (entity) ko milne wale total incentive (Capex + Opex) ki ek limit (ceiling) hogi:
* **Badi companies** ke liye maximum **₹50 crore** (isme se **Opex subsidy** ki alag se maximum limit **₹10 crore** hai).
* **Chhoti companies** ke liye maximum **₹25 crore** (isme se **Opex subsidy** ki alag se maximum limit **₹5 crore** hai).
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**Paragraph 5:**
**In terms of key outcomes, the Scheme incentives are expected to develop at least 270 kilo ton of annual recycling capacity resulting in around 40 kilo ton annual critical mineral production, bringing in about Rs.8,000 crore of investment and creating close to 70,000 direct and indirect jobs. Several rounds of consultations with industry and other stakeholders have been held through dedicated meetings, seminar sessions, etc. before formulating the Scheme.**
**Explanation:** Is scheme se kya results (key outcomes) aane ki ummeed hai:
* Kam se kam **270 kilo ton** salana recycling capacity develop hogi.
* Isse lagbhag **40 kilo ton** salana critical mineral ka production hoga.
* Issey karib **₹8,000 crore** ka investment (निवेश) aayega.
* Lagbhag **70,000 direct aur indirect jobs** (रोजगार) create honge.
Yeh scheme banane se pehle industry aur dusre stakeholders (हितधारकों) ke saath kayi rounds mein consultations ki gayi thi, dedicated meetings aur seminars ke through, taaki sabki rai le sakein.
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