म्यांमार के असंतोष पर एक नज़दीकी नज़र
म्यांमार के असंतोष पर एक नज़दीकी नज़र
म्यांमार के राजनीतिक रूप से खंडित होने के कारण, भारत को फिर से सुधार करने की आवश्यकता है इसकी नीति
With Myanmar politically fragmented, India needs to re-calibrate its policy
February, it will be three years since the army seized power in Myanmar
1 Army overthrowing a democratically elected government headed by Aung San Suu Kyi. The coup prompted / कुछ होने का कारण बनना a massive civil disobedience movement.
2 making (PDFs)
members of parliament formed a National Unity Government that constituted the People’s Defence Forces and called for an armed uprising.
3 The peace between major ethnic armed organisations and the military collapsed, as the former’s objective of establishing federal democracy was no longer feasible under army dictatorship.
4 coordinated attacks on the military
Arakan Army, Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army, and Ta’ang National Liberation Army launched coordinated attacks on the military, and inflicted massive losses on the military in the Shan State.
Paletwa town location and India
It is on the country’s western borders, and a critical node in India’s Kaladan project, is currently under the control of the Arakan Army.
At the same time, the regions inhabited by the majority Bamar ethnic community, such as Sagaing, Bago and Magwe, also witnessed a significant spike in resistance, and the PDFs gained ground against the military.
Discontent and territorial loss
मिलिट्री क्या चाहती है ?
1 If one objective of the coup was to strengthen national unity, the Myanmar military has failed spectacularly.
2 In fact, the military has conceded / स्वीकार large tracts इलाक of territory to the ethnic armed organisations and PDFs.
3 But losing control of territory to armed groups is not new for the army; the military has frequently lost ground to ethnic armed groups and the now defunct मृत Communist Party o Burma, but subsequently recovered some of the losses.
International sanction and military
1 when international sanctions were substantially diluted between 2010 and 2020, the military acquired air and army equipment.
2 the coup leaders have used firepower even on unarmed civilians, resulting in significant internal displacement and neighbouring countries facing refugee crises.
3 . Reports suggest that the military finds it difficult to recruit even from the regions dominated by Bamars, who constitute the bulk of army personnel.
4 Since the coup, there have been sporadic reports of government officials, doctors, and police personnel assisting the resistance movement.
किस ओर हो रहा झुकाव military personal
1 In the past year, a fairly large number of military personnel have surrendered to the ethnic armed organisations and PDFs.
2 A month ago, to evade an attack by the resistance groups, over 150 Myanmar soldiers moved into India and surrendered.
3 army officers served with severe punishment for failure to stop desertions / give up, suggesting that military cohesion is coming under increasing stress.
China and its interests
China has a multi-layered strategy to protect its interests
1 On international platforms, China robustly defends the Myanmar military from international censure.
2 various ethnic armed organisations on Myanmar’s northern border have close relations with China,
3 and it is unlikely that the uprising in Shan State, given its scale, could have happened without Chinese consent.
इसकी संभावना नहीं है कि शान राज्य में विद्रोह, उसके पैमाने को देखते हुए, चीनी सहमति के बिना हो सकता था।
4 It is rumoured that Beijing used the ethnic alliance to stamp out खत्म करना online scams and criminal syndicates that were fleecing पलायन millions from Chinese citizens.
5 Beijing was able to get the rebels and the Myanmar army to agree to a ceasefire.
army not recovering lost territory ?
With the momentum of the ethnic offensive stalled and the army not recovering lost territory, it is not certain how long this truce will last.
Neither ethnic armed organisations nor the coup leaders will be comfortable with Beijing’s ability to influence their operations.
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) और इसकी भूमिका
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), has articulated a five-point consensus and denied the Myanmar military a place at its summits.
Despite repeated efforts, the ASEAN special envoy to Myanmar was prevented from having meaningful interactions with all the relevant stakeholders.
Therefore ASEAN has not been able to change Myanmar’s politics, but some ASEAN members are shunning त्यागना their customary reticence / कम बोलना and are now sharply critical of the Myanmar coup.
Thailand कितना महत्त्व पूर्ण
With a shared border of about 2,416 km, Thailand wields significant influence in Myanmar.
Last year, Thailand’s Foreign Minister not only interacted with Myanmar’s military leadership but also with the imprisoned leader Aung San Suu Kyi.
Thailand hosts and engages with Myanmar’s exile organisations and, in the recent past, has made efforts to scale up its humanitarian assistance.
New Delhi’s outreach
displaced communities in Myanmar
India could also consider a more proactive humanitarian approach to provide succour / सहायता to displaced communities in Myanmar.
Such an initiative could also reduce the inflow of refugees into India. In its engagement with Myanmar, India should factor in the three political realities.
कुछ कंडीशन
१ The military often hinted at the possibility of conducting elections under proportional representation, but has failed to do so because of inability to ensure sufficient stability in the country.
२ Second, despite the absence of a charismatic leader and meaningful international support, resistance to the coup has demonstrated considerable resilience over the past years.
३ Third, Myanmar today is politically fragmented, with the
- military,
- ethnic armed organisations
- and PDFs having varying degrees of control in different parts of the country.
Comments
Post a Comment